{"id":19658,"date":"2022-02-01T20:12:59","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T13:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/radarkotabumi.co.id\/read\/?p=19658"},"modified":"2022-02-01T20:12:59","modified_gmt":"2022-02-01T13:12:59","slug":"imlek-pandemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radarkotabumi.co.id\/read\/2022\/02\/01\/imlek-pandemi\/","title":{"rendered":"Imlek Pandemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oleh: Dahlan Iskan<\/strong><\/p>\n

TERNYATA perlu 11 jenis binatang untuk bisa mewakili seluruh watak manusia. Itu pun belum cukup. Perlu diciptakan binatang ke-12. Agar seluruh sifat manusia bisa dilihat di binatang.<\/p>\n

Binatang ke-12 itu sebenarnya bukan binatang: naga. Ia seperti ular tapi besar sekali. Bisa terbang pula. Padahal tidak bersayap. Sakti. Perkasa. Dari mulutnya bisa menyemburkan api.<\/p>\n

Ia binatang fantasi.<\/p>\n

Setelah diciptakannya naga itu, genaplah 12 shio dalam susunan keberuntungan hidup di budaya Tionghoa: tikus, kerbau, macan, kelinci, naga, ular, kuda, kambing, monyet, ayam, anjing, babi.<\/p>\n

Tahun ini disebut tahun macan. Terhitung sejak tadi malam. Tahun depan tahun kelinci. Depannya lagi tahun naga. Orang Tionghoa banyak yang merencanakan agar anak mereka lahir di tahun naga: berarti baru akhir tahun depan para suami harus lebih giat menaburkan benih ke rahim istri.<\/p>\n

Sebenarnya naga bukan monopoli dunia Timur. Di Barat juga dikenal binatang fantasi itu. Hanya saja naga di Barat digambarkan bersayap.<\/p>\n

Di Indonesia, shio naga dimiliki oleh Presiden Gus Dur. Tiga presiden lainnya sama: Bung Karno, SBY, dan Jokowi, sama-sama bershio kerbau. Presiden Megawati bershio babi. Sedang B.J. Habibie bershio tikus.<\/p>\n

Sudah dua tahun ini tahun baru Imlek dalam suasana duka: pandemi Covid-19. Tapi tetap saja orang harus mengatakan \u65b0\u5e74\u5feb\u4e50 (xin nian kuai le): berbahagialah di tahun baru. Atau \u606d\u559c\u53d1\u8d22(gong xi fa cai): selamat menuju kemakmuran.<\/p>\n

Berbeda dengan tahun baru Masehi, di malam tahun baru Imlek tidak ada perayaan. Semua keluarga Tionghoa harus kumpul di rumah: makan-makan. Sebelum makan-makan sebaiknya sembahyang ke para leluhur. Menu wajib makan tadi malam: babi kecap, ikan, tahu, dan mie.<\/p>\n

Lalu, pagi ini, kegiatan utama orang Tionghoa: bagi-bagi hong bao (ang pao). Yakni amplop merah. Bukan amplopnya yang penting, tapi isinya: uang.<\/p>\n

Orang yang lebih tua memberi hong bao pada anak-anak atau keponakan-keponakan. Kakek-nenek memberi hongbao pada cucu-cucu.<\/p>\n

Sehari ini yang lebih muda dan anak-anak berkunjung ke orang yang dituakan. Sambil berharap dapat ang pao.<\/p>\n

Yang tidak boleh berharap dapat ang pao adalah: mereka yang sudah menikah.<\/p>\n

Begitu banyak aturan di sekitar tahun baru Imlek. Beda asal beda kebiasaan. Yang leluhurnya Hokkian beda dengan yang Guangdong. Yang Tiuchu beda dengan yang Hakka.<\/p>\n

Hari ini, misalnya, umumnya tidak boleh bersih-bersih. Tidak boleh menyapu. Tidak boleh ganti sprei. Kalau terpaksa menyapu arah sapunya harus ke dalam. Agar rejeksi tidak keluar.<\/p>\n

Tadi malam, umumnya tidak tidur sampai jam 00.00. Di tengah malam itu mereka harus sembahyang di rumah masing-masing.<\/p>\n

Saya sendiri tadi malam melewatkan malam tahun baru Imlek di atas kapal feri: menyeberangi selat Sunda. Dari Merak ke Bakauheni.<\/p>\n

Di atas feri saya mengingat-ingat apa saja yang berubah di kalangan masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia.<\/p>\n

Sudah dua-tiga tahun ini saya tidak lagi mendengar ada orang Tionghoa yang berkata: \u201cwo men zai guo nei…\u201d dengan pengertian bahwa yang disebut \u201dguo nei\u2019\u2018 adalah Tiongkok. Kesadaran bahwa \u201dguo nei\u201d kita itu, ya, Indonesia.<\/p>\n

Kebiasaan salah itu mungkin bermula dari guru bahasa Mandarin mereka di masa silam: guru itu dari Tiongkok. Sehingga wajar ketika guru itu mengatakan \u2018\u2018guo nei\u201d, yang dimaksud Tiongkok.<\/p>\n

Memang saya masih berharap sebutan \u201dwo men zhong guo ren\u201d mulai bergeser ke \u201dwo men in ni hua ren\u201d. Tapi yang ini mungkin perlu waktu lebih lama: kata zhong guo tidak hanya identik dengan negara Tiongkok. Kata \u201dzhong guo\u201d juga sudah identik dengan \u201dzhong hua\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kemajuan nyata terlihat di Universitas Ciputra Surabaya. Seorang dosen komunikasi di situ, Dr Maksum, orang Madura, bercerita pada saya bahwa di kelasnya hampir sama antara mahasiswa Tionghoa dan pribumi. Ia juga melihat tidak ada sekat di antara mereka.<\/p>\n

Maksum melihat anak-anak pengusaha Muslim ingin anak mereka jadi pengusaha besar, seperti konglomerat Ciputra. Lalu menyekolahkan anak ke sana.<\/p>\n

Sebaliknya, kata Maksum, alumnus Unair, banyak mahasiswa Tionghoa yang mulai masuk prodi ekonomi syariah di Universitas Airlangga.<\/p>\n

Sekat-sekat memang masih terlihat: di perumahan, di sekolah, di ekonomi. Tapi tetap saja hari ini kita ucapkan: xin nian kuai le, gong xi fa cai. (Dahlan Iskan)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oleh: Dahlan Iskan TERNYATA perlu 11 jenis binatang untuk bisa mewakili seluruh watak manusia. Itu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19442,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opini"],"yoast_head":"\nImlek Pandemi - Radar Kotabumi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/radarkotabumi.co.id\/read\/2022\/02\/01\/imlek-pandemi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Imlek Pandemi - Radar Kotabumi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Oleh: Dahlan Iskan TERNYATA perlu 11 jenis binatang untuk bisa mewakili seluruh watak manusia. 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